網頁2012年2月7日 · The Chinese gentry under its rule, however, had retained its wealth and character and now gained such influence that by 490 non-Chinese tongues were forbidden in public, the court adopted Chinese ... 網頁2024年2月25日 · The Chinese Gentry. The word "gentry" is used to refer to a class of landowners ( dizhu 地主, lingzhu 領主) in late imperial China, yet the Chinese class did …
Man and Nature in China - JSTOR
The imperial government and scholar-official system ended but the landlord-tenant system did not. New Culture, radicals of the 1920s used the term "gentry" to criticize land owners as "feudal". Mao Zedong led the way in attacking "bad gentry and local bullies" for collecting high rent and oppressing their tenants during the Republican period. Many local landlords organized gangs to enforce their rule. Communist organizers promised agrarian reform and land redistribution. 網頁From existing literary evidence, commoner categories in China were employed for the first time during the Warring States period (403–221 BC). Despite this, Eastern-Han (AD 25–220) historian Ban Gu (AD 32–92) asserted in his Book of Han that the four occupations for commoners had existed in the Western Zhou (c. 1050–771 BC) era, which he considered … low fat chicken and dumplings recipe
the gentry中文(繁體)翻譯：劍橋詞典 - Cambridge Dictionary
網頁The Chinese Gentry: Studies on their Role in Nineteenth-Century Chinese Society. By Chung-li Chang. Introduction by Franz Michael. (University of Washington Publications … 網頁Civil Service Examinations n Kējǔ n 科举 407© 2009 by Berkshire Publishing Group LLC classical curriculum. Gentry and merchant status groups were defined in part by their examination credentials. The intersections between elite social life, popular culture, and 網頁2024年6月4日 · In traditional Chinese society, there is a significant category known as the Chinese gentry, or the shenshi 紳士 in Mandarin. They were known as the Chinese scholar-official class who administered the traditional Chinese dynastic government system since more than two-thousand years ago until the abolishment of the system in 1911. japan post holdings co. ltd. diide